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Bhāskara I (different from the author of Līlāvatī) was another famous astronomer of the 7th century CE. His Āryabhaṭīya-bhāṣya is the earliest available commentary on Āryabhatīya. The Samskrit word bhāṣya means 'a commentary'. The commentary explains the original work in simpler words to a greater detail. It gives examples and proofs wherever necessary. Bhāskara I also authored the astronomical works Mahābhāskarīya and Laghubhāskarīya.  
{{Infobox person
| name              = Bhāskara I
| birth_date        = c 600 CE
| death_date        = c 680 CE
| occupation        = Mathematician, Scientist
| known_for          = Bhaskara I's sine approximation formula
}}
 
Bhāskara I (Not the author of [[Līlāvatī]])<ref>{{Cite book|title=A Primer to Bhāratīya Gaṇitam , Bhāratīya-Gaṇita-Praveśa- Part-1|publisher=Samskrit Promotion Foundation|year=2021|isbn=978-81-951757-2-7}}</ref> was a famous astronomer during 7<sup>th</sup> Century CE. Bhāskara I belong to Aśmaka (country lying  between the rivers Godāvarī and Narmadā) country<ref>{{Cite book|last=Shukla|first=Kripa Shankar|title=Āryabhaṭīya  of  Āryabhaṭa|publisher=Indian National Science Academy|year=1976|location=New Delhi|pages=XXV}}</ref>. The earliest commentary on [[Āryabhatīya]] is found in Āryabhaṭīya-bhāṣya of Bhāskara I. Bhāṣya in Samskrit means ‘a commentary’. The other contributions of Bhāskara I was on [[Mahābhāskarīya]] and [[Laghubhāskarīya]] on the astronomy.
 
Mahābhāskarīya deals with the following topics .  
 
* Mean positions of the planets
* True positions and true velocities of the planets and their applications
* Directions , time and place
* Computation and graphical representation of the eclipses
*Heliacal and diurnal risings of the Moon and the elevation of the lunar horns
*Heliacal rising and the conjunction of the planets
* Conjunction of a planet with a star<ref>{{Cite web|title=Bhāskara I - Great Indian Mathematician|url=https://www.cuemath.com/learn/bhaskara-i/}}</ref>
 
The language of Mahābhāskarīya  is simple and is meant to be easily understandable.
 
Mahābhāskarīya is the only available work on Hindu [[Astronomy]] which explains the motion of the planets with the help of the epicyclic theory and eccentric theory.
 
Laghubhāskarīya  is a revised and abridged edition of Mahābhāskarīya . It was written for younger and immature students of astronomy. Laghubhāskarīya deals with the following topics .
 
* Chapter 1 - Calculation of the mean longitudes
* Chapter 2 - Calculation of the true longitudes, the Pañcāṅg
* Chapter 3 - Directions, place and time
* Chapter 4 - Eclipse of the moon
* Chapter 5 Eclipse of the sun
* Chapter 6 - Heliacal visibility and phases of the moon, elevation of the Moon's horns , and moonrise
* Chapter 7 - Heliacal visibility and conjunction,  in longitude , of the star - planets (Mars etc.)
* Chapter 8 - Conjunction of planets with the stars
 
Bhāskara I's commentary on Āryabhaṭīya is in two parts which are given different names. The commentary on  the Daśagītikā-sūtra (which forms the first chapter of Āryabhaṭīya) is called Daśagītikā-sūtra-vyākhyā and commentary on the remaining three chapters is called Āryabhaṭa-tantra-bhāsya.
 
In the Daśagītikā-sūtra-vyākhyā , the commentary on each sūtra consists of
 
* An introductory sentence indicating in brief the subject matter mentioned in the sūtra
* Statement of the sūtra
* Pada-ccheda ː seperation of words present in the sūtra
* Interpretation of the text and explanation of the contents.
 
== External Links ==
 
* [https://mathshistory.st-andrews.ac.uk/Biographies/category-indians/ Ancient Indian Mathematics - Biographies]
* [https://www.storyofmathematics.com/indian.html/ Indian Mathematics and Mathematicians]
 
== See Also ==
[[भास्कर प्रथम]]
 
== References ==
 
 
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Latest revision as of 14:38, 29 November 2022

Bhāskara I
जन्मc 600 CE
मर गयाc 680 CE
व्यवसायMathematician, Scientist
के लिए जाना जाता हैBhaskara I's sine approximation formula

Bhāskara I (Not the author of Līlāvatī)[1] was a famous astronomer during 7th Century CE. Bhāskara I belong to Aśmaka (country lying between the rivers Godāvarī and Narmadā) country[2]. The earliest commentary on Āryabhatīya is found in Āryabhaṭīya-bhāṣya of Bhāskara I. Bhāṣya in Samskrit means ‘a commentary’. The other contributions of Bhāskara I was on Mahābhāskarīya and Laghubhāskarīya on the astronomy.

Mahābhāskarīya deals with the following topics .

  • Mean positions of the planets
  • True positions and true velocities of the planets and their applications
  • Directions , time and place
  • Computation and graphical representation of the eclipses
  • Heliacal and diurnal risings of the Moon and the elevation of the lunar horns
  • Heliacal rising and the conjunction of the planets
  • Conjunction of a planet with a star[3]

The language of Mahābhāskarīya is simple and is meant to be easily understandable.

Mahābhāskarīya is the only available work on Hindu Astronomy which explains the motion of the planets with the help of the epicyclic theory and eccentric theory.

Laghubhāskarīya is a revised and abridged edition of Mahābhāskarīya . It was written for younger and immature students of astronomy. Laghubhāskarīya deals with the following topics .

  • Chapter 1 - Calculation of the mean longitudes
  • Chapter 2 - Calculation of the true longitudes, the Pañcāṅg
  • Chapter 3 - Directions, place and time
  • Chapter 4 - Eclipse of the moon
  • Chapter 5 Eclipse of the sun
  • Chapter 6 - Heliacal visibility and phases of the moon, elevation of the Moon's horns , and moonrise
  • Chapter 7 - Heliacal visibility and conjunction, in longitude , of the star - planets (Mars etc.)
  • Chapter 8 - Conjunction of planets with the stars

Bhāskara I's commentary on Āryabhaṭīya is in two parts which are given different names. The commentary on the Daśagītikā-sūtra (which forms the first chapter of Āryabhaṭīya) is called Daśagītikā-sūtra-vyākhyā and commentary on the remaining three chapters is called Āryabhaṭa-tantra-bhāsya.

In the Daśagītikā-sūtra-vyākhyā , the commentary on each sūtra consists of

  • An introductory sentence indicating in brief the subject matter mentioned in the sūtra
  • Statement of the sūtra
  • Pada-ccheda ː seperation of words present in the sūtra
  • Interpretation of the text and explanation of the contents.

External Links

See Also

भास्कर प्रथम

References

  1. ↑ A Primer to Bhāratīya Gaṇitam , Bhāratīya-Gaṇita-Praveśa- Part-1. Samskrit Promotion Foundation. 2021. ISBN 978-81-951757-2-7.
  2. ↑ Shukla, Kripa Shankar (1976). Āryabhaṭīya of Āryabhaṭa. New Delhi: Indian National Science Academy. pp. XXV.
  3. ↑ "Bhāskara I - Great Indian Mathematician".
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