केडीई फ्रेमवर्क

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क
Original author(s)	केडीई
Developer(s)	केडीई
Initial release	Template:प्रारंभ दिनांक और आयु
Stable release	Script error: The module returned a nil value. It is supposed to return an export table.
Written in	C++ (क्यूटी)
Operating system	क्रॉस-प्लेटफ़ॉर्म (including "partial" support for Android, Windows, macOS and Haiku)
Type	Template:अनबुलेटेड सूची
License	जीएनयू लेसर जनरल पब्लिक लाइसेंस (LGPL)

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क लाइब्रेरियों और सॉफ्टवेयर फ्रेमवर्क का एक संग्रह है जो किसी भी क्यूटी-आधारित सॉफ्टवेयर स्टैक या कई ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम पर अनुप्रयोगों के लिए सरलता से उपलब्ध है।^[5] हार्डवेयर एकीकरण, फ़ाइल प्रारूप समर्थन, अतिरिक्त चित्रमय नियंत्रण तत्व, प्लॉटिंग फ़ंक्शन और वर्तनी परीक्षण जैसे प्रायः आवश्यक कार्यक्षमता समाधान की विशेषताएं, संग्रह केडीई प्लाज्मा 5 और केडीई गियर के लिए तकनीकी आधार के रूप में कार्य करता है जो जीएनयू लेसर जनरल पब्लिक लाइसेंस (एलजीपीएल) के अंतर्गत वितरित किया जाता है।^[6]

सिंहावलोकन

वर्तमान केडीई फ्रेमवर्क क्यूटी 5 पर आधारित हैं, जो उपयोगकर्ता इंटरफेस के डिजाइन के लिए क्यूएमएल, सरल जावास्क्रिप्ट-आधारित डिक्लेरेटिव प्रोग्रामिंग भाषा का अधिक व्यापक उपयोग करने में सक्षम बनाता है। क्यूएमएल द्वारा उपयोग किए जाने वाले ग्राफिक्स प्रतिपादन इंजन विभिन्न उपकरणों में अधिक द्रव उपयोगकर्ता इंटरफेस के लिए अनुमति देता है।^[7]

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क 5, केडीई प्लाज्मा 5 और केडीई अनुप्रयोगों में केडीई सॉफ्टवेयर संकलन के विभाजन के बाद से, प्रत्येक उप-परियोजना अपनी विकास गति चुन सकती है. केडीई फ्रेमवर्क मासिक आधार पर जारी किए जाते हैं^[8] और गिट का उपयोग करते हैं।^[9]^[10]

कुछ स्रोत कोड को केडीई फ्रेमवर्क 5 के हिस्से से क्यूटी 5.2 और बाद के संस्करण का हिस्सा बनने के लिए स्थानांतरित किया गया था।

केडीई प्लेटफॉर्म 4 के साथ केडीई फ्रेमवर्क स्थापित करना संभव होना चाहिए ताकि ऐप या तो एक का उपयोग कर सकते हैं।^[11]

एपीआई और एबीआई स्थिरता

प्लेटफ़ॉर्म विज्ञप्ति वे हैं जो श्रृंखला प्रारम्भ करते हैं (संस्करण संख्या X.0) केवल इन प्रमुख विज्ञप्ति को पूर्ववर्ती के साथ द्विआधारी संगतता को रोकने की अनुमति है। न्यूनतम श्रृंखला (X.1, X.2, ...) में रिलीज बाइनरी पोर्टेबिलिटी (एपीआई और एबीआई) की प्रत्याभूति देगी। इसका तात्पर्य, उदाहरण के लिए, केडीई 3.0 के लिए विकसित किया गया सॉफ्टवेयर सभी (भविष्य) केडीई 3 रिलीज पर काम करेगा; तथापि, केडीई 2 के लिए विकसित एक आवेदन केडीई 3 लाइब्रेरियों का उपयोग करने में सक्षम होने की अनुमति नहीं है। केडीई प्रमुख संस्करण संख्याएं मुख्य रूप से क्यूटी रिलीज चक्र का पालन करती हैं, जिसका अर्थ है कि केडीई एससी 4 क्यूटी 4 पर आधारित है, जबकि केडीई 3 क्यूटी 3 पर आधारित था।

समर्थित ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम

प्रत्येक रूपरेखा के संग्रहण में metainfo.yaml नाम की एक फ़ाइल होनी चाहिए।^[12] यह फ़ाइल फ्रेमवर्क, प्रकार, समर्थित ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम और अन्य सूचनाओं के अनुरक्षक का प्रलेखित करती है। वर्तमान में समर्थित प्लेटफ़ॉर्म लिनक्स, माइक्रोसॉफ्ट विंडोज, मैकओएस और एंड्रॉइड हैं।

सॉफ्टवेयर आर्किटेक्चर

संरचना

फ्रेमवर्क में एक स्पष्ट निर्भरता संरचना होती है, जिसे "श्रेणियों" और "टियर्स" में विभाजित किया जाता है". "श्रेणियां" रनटाइम निर्भरता को दर्शाता है:

कार्यात्मक तत्वों में कोई रनटाइम निर्भरता नहीं है।
एकीकरण कोड को नामित करता है जिसे ओएस या प्लेटफ़ॉर्म प्रदान करने के आधार पर एकीकरण के लिए रनटाइम निर्भरता की आवश्यकता हो सकती है।
समाधान में अनिवार्य रनटाइम निर्भरताएं हैं।

घटक

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क बंडल में 70 से अधिक पैकेज होते हैं. ये केडीई एससी 4 में एक बड़े पैकेज के रूप में विद्यमान हैं, जिसे केडीलिब कहा जाता है. केडेलिब्स को कई व्यक्तिगत रूपरेखाओं में विभाजित किया गया था, जिनमें से कुछ अब केडीई का भाग नहीं हैं, लेकिन क्यूटी 5.2 में एकीकृत थे।^[13]

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क को अन्य लाइब्रेरी पर निर्भरता के अनुसार चार अलग-अलग चरणों में वर्गीकृत किया गया है।^[14]^[15]

फ्रेमवर्क के स्तर
: टियर 1 – अधिकतर केवल क्यूटी, अत्यधिक प्रयोगात्मक पर निर्भर करता है। टियर 2 – टियर 1 पर निर्भर करता है, लेकिन निर्भरता अभी भी प्रबंधनीय है। टियर 3 – जटिल निर्भरता, जिसमें टियर्स 1 – 2 आदि सम्मिलित हैं। टियर 4 – ज्यादातर प्लगइन्स जो प्लेटफॉर्म समर्थन जैसी अतिरिक्त सुविधाएँ प्रदान करते हैं, उन्हें उपेक्षित किया जा सकता है।

फ्रेमवर्क की संपूर्ण सूची
नाम	टीयर	गिट रिपॉजिटरी	विवरण
Frameworkintegration	4	frameworkintegration.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Framework Integration is a set of plugins responsible for better integration of Qt applications when running on a KDE Plasma workspace. Applications do not need to link to this directly. The library KF5Style provides integration with KDE Plasma Workspace settings for Qt styles. Derive your Qt style from KStyle to automatically inherit various settings from the KDE Plasma Workspace, providing a consistent user experience. For example, this will ensure a consistent single-click or double-click activation setting, and the use of standard themed icons.
KActivities	3	kactivities.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Core components for KDE Activities' Activity Manager.
KApiDox	4	kapidox.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Scripts and data for building API documentation in a standard format and style. This framework contains scripts and data for building API documentation (dox) in a standard format and style. The Doxygen tool is used to do the actual documentation extraction and formatting, but this framework provides a wrapper script to make generating the documentation more convenient (including reading settings from the target framework or other module) and a standard template for the generated documentation.
KArchive	1	karchive.git Archived 2017-10-17 at the Wayback Machine	Classes for easy reading, creation and manipulation of "archive" formats including zip and tar.
KAuth	2	kauth.git Archived 2017-08-21 at the Wayback Machine	Provides a convenient, system-integrated way to offload actions that need to be performed as a privileged user to small helper utilities.
KBookmarks	3	kbookmarks.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KBookmarks lets you access and manipulate bookmarks stored using the "XBEL format". The most common use for bookmarks is web browsers, but this can also be useful in any application where local files or URLs can be saved as bookmarks.
KCMUtils	3	kcmutils.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Utilities, i.a. KSettings, for KDE System Settings modules. KCMUtils provides various classes to work with KCModules. KCModules can be created with the KConfigWidgets framework.
KCodecs	1	kcodecs.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KCodecs is a string encoding library, it provides a collection of methods to manipulate strings using various encodings. It can automatically determine the charset of a string, translate XML entities, validate email addresses, and find encodings by name in a more tolerant way than QTextCodec (useful e.g. for data coming from the Internet).
KCompletion	2	kcompletion.git Archived 2018-01-16 at the Wayback Machine	String completion framework, including completion-enabled lineedit and combobox. When typing filenames, email addresses and other text where the user often wants to select from existing data (including what they previously typed) rather than enter anything wholly original, users often find it helpful if they only need to type the first few characters, and then have the application offer them a set of choices or attempt to finish off what they were typing. Email clients, shells and "open file" dialogs often provide this functionality. This framework helps implement this in Qt-based applications. You can use one of the completion-ready widgets provided by this framework, or integrate it into your application's other widgets directly. The easiest way to get started is to use a KComboBox, KHistoryComboBox or KLineEdit. If you want to integrate completion into other parts of the user interface, you can use KCompletion to manage and select the possible completions.
KConfig	1	kconfig.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Persistent platform-independent application settings made of two parts: KConfigCore and KConfigGui. KConfigCore provides access to the configuration files themselves, meaning it also generates the configuration in XML. KConfigGui provides a way to hook graphical control elements (widgets) to the configuration so that they are automatically initialized from the configuration and automatically propagate their changes to their respective configuration files.
KConfigWidgets	3	kconfigwidgets.git Archived 2019-01-30 at the Wayback Machine	Graphical control elements (widgets) for configuration dialogs. Widgets for configuration dialogs. KConfigWidgets provides easy-to-use classes to create configuration dialogs, as well as a set of widgets which uses KConfig to store their settings.
KCoreAddons	1	kcoreaddons.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Utilities for core application functionality and accessing the OS. Qt addon library with a collection of non-GUI utilities. KCoreAddons provides classes built on top of QtCore to perform various tasks such as manipulating mime types, autosaving files, creating backup files, generating random sequences, performing text manipulations such as macro replacement, accessing user information and many more.
KCrash	2	kcrash.git Archived 2019-01-31 at the Wayback Machine	Provides support for intercepting and handling application crashes.
KDBusAddons	1	kdbusaddons.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	KDBusAddons provides convenience DBus classes on top of QtDBus, as well as an API to create KDED modules.
KDeclarative	3	kdeclarative.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Addon for Qt declarative
KDED	3	kded.git Archived 2019-01-30 at the Wayback Machine	KDED stands for KDE Daemon, the central daemon of KDE work spaces. KDED runs in the background and performs a number of small tasks. Some of these tasks are built in, others are started on demand.
KDesignerPlugin	3	kdeclarative.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	This framework provides plugins for Qt Designer that allow it to display the widgets provided by various KDE frameworks, as well as a utility (kgendesignerplugin) that can be used to generate other such plugins from ini-style description files.
KDESu	3	kdesu.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	KDESU (KDE super user) provides a user interface for running shell commands with root privileges. It provides functionality for building GUI front ends for (password asking) console mode programs. For example, kdesu and kdessh use it to interface with su and ssh respectively.
KDEWebkit	3	kdewebkit.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Integration of the HTML rendering engine WebKit. The KDEWebkit library provides KDE integration of the QtWebKit library. If you are using QtWebKit in your KDE application, you are encouraged to use this layer instead of using the QtWebKit classes directly. In particular, you should use KWebView in place of QWebView, KGraphicsWebView in place of QGraphicsWebView and KWebPage in place of QWebPage.
KDNSSDFramework	2	kdnssd.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	KDNSSD is a library for handling the DNS-based Service Discovery Protocol (DNS-SD), the layer of [Zeroconf] (http://www.zeroconf.org) that allows network services, such as printers, to be discovered without any user intervention or centralized infrastructure.
KDocTools	2	kdoctools.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Provides tools to generate documentation in various format from DocBook files.
KEmoticons	3	kemoticons.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Provides emoticons themes as well as helper classes to automatically convert text emoticons to graphical emoticons.
KGlobalAccel	1	kglobalaccel.git Archived 2019-02-02 at the Wayback Machine	KGlobalAccel allows you to have global keyboard shortcuts (accelerators) that are independent of the focused window. Unlike regular shortcuts, the application's window does not need focus for them to be activated.
KGuiAddons	1	kguiaddons.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KDE GUI Addons; Utilities for graphical user interfaces; The KDE GUI addons provide utilities for graphical user interfaces in the areas of colors, fonts, text, images, keyboard input.
KHTML	4	khtml.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KHTML is the HTML rendering engine from which WebKit was forked. It is based on the KParts technology and uses KJS for JavaScript support.
Ki18n	1	ki18n.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	KDE gettext-based UI text internationalization. KI18n provides functionality for internationalizing user interface text in applications, based on the GNU Gettext translation system. It wraps the standard Gettext functionality, so that the programmers and translators can use the familiar Gettext tools and workflows. KI18n provides additional functionality as well, for both programmers and translators, which can help to achieve a higher overall quality of source and translated text. This includes argument capturing, customizable markup, and translation scripting.
KIconThemes	3	kiconthemes.git Archived 2017-12-24 at the Wayback Machine	This library contains classes to improve the handling of icons in applications using the KDE Frameworks.
KIdleTime	1	kidletime.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Integration module for idle time detection.
KImageFormats	1	kimageformats.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Plugins to allow QImage to support extra file formats. This framework provides additional image format plugins for QtGui. As such it is not required for the compilation of any other software, but may be a runtime requirement for Qt-based software to support certain image formats. The following image formats have read-only support: GIMP (xcf) OpenEXR (exr) Adobe Photoshop documents (psd) Sun Raster (ras) The following image formats have read and write support: Encapsulated PostScript (eps) Personal Computer Exchange (pcx) SGI images (rgb, rgba, sgi, bw) Autodesk Softimage (pic) Targa (tga): supports more formats than Qt's version XView (xv) <--! Khoros Visualization Image file? -->
KInit	3	kinit.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	kdeinit is a process launcher, that launches processes by forking and then loading a dynamic library which should contain a 'kdemain(...)' function. kdeinit speeds up start of applications on KDE workspaces; kdeinit is linked against all libraries a standard KDE application needs. With this technique starting an application becomes much faster because now only the application itself needs to be linked whereas otherwise both the application as well as all the libraries it uses need to be linked.
KIO	3	kio.git Archived 2017-04-05 at the Wayback Machine	Network transparent access to files and data. This framework implements almost all the file management functions you will ever need. Dolphin and the KDE file dialog also uses this to provide its network-enabled file management.
Kirigami	1	kirigami.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	A set of QtQuick plugins to build user interfaces based on the KDE UX guidelines
KItemModels	1	kitemmodels.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Set of item models extending the Qt model-view framework. KItemModels provides the following models: KBreadcrumbSelectionModel - Selects the parents of selected items to create breadcrumbs KCheckableProxyModel - Adds a checkable capability to a source model KConcatenateRowsProxyModel - Concatenates rows from multiple source models KDescendantsProxyModel - Proxy Model for restructuring a Tree into a list KExtraColumnsProxyModel - Adds columns after existing columns KLinkItemSelectionModel - Share a selection in multiple views which do not have the same source model KModelIndexProxyMapper - Mapping of indexes and selections through proxy models KRearrangeColumnsProxyModel - Can reorder and hide columns from the source model KRecursiveFilterProxyModel - Recursive filtering of models KSelectionProxyModel - A Proxy Model which presents a subset of its source model to observers
KItemViews	1	kitemviews.git Archived 2017-12-24 at the Wayback Machine	Set of item views extending the Qt model-view framework. KItemViews includes a set of views, which can be used with item models. It includes views for categorizing lists and to add search filters to flat and hierarchical lists.
KJobWidgets	2	kjobwidgets.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	KJobWIdgets provides widgets for showing progress of asynchronous jobs.
KJS	1	kjs.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KJS provides an ECMAScript compatible interpreter. The ECMA standard is based on well known scripting languages such as Netscape's JavaScript and Microsoft's JScript.
KJSEmbed	3	kjsembed.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KSJEmbed provides a method of binding JavaScript objects to QObjects, so you can script your applications.
KMediaPlayer	3	kmediaplayer.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Deprecated: Interface for media player KParts. KMediaPlayer builds on the KParts framework to provide a common interface for KParts that can play media files. This framework is a porting aid. It is not recommended for new projects, and existing projects that use it are advised to port away from it, and use plain KParts instead.
KNewStuff	3	knewstuff.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Framework for downloading and sharing additional application data. The KNewStuff library implements collaborative data sharing for applications. It uses libattica to support the Open Collaboration Services specification. Attica Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine is a Qt library that implements the Open Collaboration Services API version 1.6. It grants easy access to the services such as querying information about persons and contents.
KNotifications	3	knotifications.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Solution with abstraction for system notifications.
KNotifyConfig	3	knotifyconfig.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Module for KNotify configuration.
KParts	3	kparts.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	The KParts library implements the framework for KDE parts. One individual user interface component is called a KPart and is some elaborate widget with a user-interface defined in terms of actions (menu items, toolbar icons). KParts are analogous to Bonobo components in GNOME and ActiveX controls in Microsoft's Component Object Model. Konsole is available as a KPart and is used in applications like Konqueror and Kate. Example uses of KParts: Konqueror uses the Okular part to display documents Konqueror uses the Dragon Player part to play multimedia Kontact embeds kdepim applications Kate and other editors use the katepart editor component Several applications use the Konsole KPart to embed a terminal Further documentation: Creating and Using Components (KParts) (from KDE) Writing Plugins For KDE Applications (from KDE)
KPlotting	1	kplotting.git Archived 2019-01-31 at the Wayback Machine	KPlotWidget is a QWidget-derived class that provides a virtual base class for easy data-plotting. The idea behind KPlotWidget is that you only have to specify information in "data units"; i.e., the natural units of the data being plotted. KPlotWidget automatically converts everything to screen pixel units. KPlotWidget draws X and Y axes with tick marks and tick labels. It automatically determines how many tick marks to use and where they should be, based on the data limits specified for the plot. You change the limits by calling `setLimits(double x1, double x2, double y1, double y2)`. Data to be plotted are stored using the KPlotObject class. KPlotObject consists of a QList of QPointF's, each specifying the X,Y coordinates of a data point. KPlotObject also specifies the "type" of data to be plotted (POINTS or CURVE or POLYGON or LABEL).
KPty	2	kpty.git Archived 2019-01-31 at the Wayback Machine	Interfacing with pseudo terminal devices. This library provides primitives to interface with pseudo terminal devices as well as a KProcess derived class for running child processes and communicating with them using a pty.
Kross	3	kross.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Embedding of scripting into applications. Kross is a scripting bridge to embed scripting functionality into an application. It supports QtScript as a scripting interpreter back-end. The core of Kross provides the framework to deal transparently with interpreter-back-ends and offers abstract functionality to deal with scripts.
KRunner	3	krunner.git Archived 2017-12-23 at the Wayback Machine	Framework for providing different actions given a string query. Framework for Plasma runners. The Plasma workspace provides an application called KRunner which, among other things, allows one to type into a text area which causes various actions and information that match the text appear as the text is being typed. One application for this is the universal runner you can launch with `ALT`+`F2`.
KService	3	kservice.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KService provides a plugin framework for handling desktop services. Services can be applications or libraries. They can be bound to MIME types or handled by application specific code.
KSyntaxHighlighting	1	syntax-highlighting.git Archived 2019-01-31 at the Wayback Machine	This is a stand-alone implementation of the Kate syntax highlighting engine. It's meant as a building block for text editors as well as for simple highlighted text rendering (e.g. as HTML), supporting both integration with a custom editor as well as a ready-to-use QSyntaxHighlighter sub-class.
KTextEditor	3	ktexteditor.git Archived 2018-12-10 at the Wayback Machine	KTextEditor provides a powerful text editor component that you can embed in your application, either as a KPart or using the KF5::TextEditor library (if you need more control). The text editor component contains many useful features, from syntax highlighting and automatic indentation to advanced scripting support, making it suitable for everything from a simple embedded text-file editor to an advanced IDE.
KTextWidgets	3	ktextwidgets.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KTextWidgets provides widgets for displaying and editing text. It supports rich text as well as plain text.
KUnitConversion	2	kunitconversion.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	KUnitConversion provides functions to convert values in different physical units. It supports converting different prefixes (e.g. kilo, mega, giga) as well as converting between different unit systems (e.g. liters, gallons). The following areas are supported: Acceleration Angle Area Currency Density Electrical Current Electrical Resistance Energy Force Frequency Fuel efficiency Length Mass Power Pressure Temperature Thermal Conductivity Thermal Flux Thermal Generation Time Velocity Volume Voltage
KWalletFramework	3	kwallet.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Safe desktop-wide storage for passwords. This framework contains two main components: Interface to KWallet, the safe desktop-wide storage for passwords on KDE work spaces. The kwalletd used to safely store the passwords on KDE work spaces.
KWayland	1	kwayland.git Archived 2019-01-31 at the Wayback Machine	KWayland is the KDE library for implementing Wayland support in KDE applications, it fulfills needs beyond what QtWayland provides. All the KDE applications in a plasma-wayland-session use this library and LXQt maybe as well. KWayland has been part of KDE Frameworks since 5.22 (May 2016); it was formerly distributed as part of KDE Plasma 5.
KWidgetsAddons	1	kwidgetsaddons.git Archived 2017-12-25 at the Wayback Machine	Addon with various classes on top of QtWidgets. If you are porting applications from KDE Platform 4 "kdeui" library, you will find many of its classes here. Provided are action classes that can be added to toolbars or menus, a wide range of widgets for selecting characters, fonts, colors, actions, dates and times, or MIME types, as well as platform-aware dialogs for configuration pages, message boxes, and password requests. Further widgets and classes can be found in other KDE frameworks.
KWindowSystem	1	kwindowsystem.git Archived 2019-02-02 at the Wayback Machine	Allows to interact with the windowing system. It provides a NETRootInfo for accessing the global state (all that's set on the root window) and NETWinInfo for all information about a specific window. The classes have a window manager and client perspective. This is the foundation which powers KWin and various parts of the graphical shell such as the taskmanager.^[16] On top of those X11-specific classes we have a convenient API KWindowInfo and KWindowSystem which provides a windowing system independent API for our applications.
KXMLGUI	3	kxmlgui.git Archived 2019-01-31 at the Wayback Machine	KXMLGUI provides a framework for managing menu and toolbar actions in an abstract way. The actions are configured through a XML description and hooks in the application code. The framework supports merging of multiple description for example for integrating actions from plugins. KXMLGui makes use of the Kiosk authorization functionality of KConfig (see the KAuthorized namespace in that framework). Notably, QAction instances added to a KActionCollection are disabled if KAuthorized::authorizeAction() reports that they are not authorized. The items on the standard help menu (KHelpMenu) can likewise be disabled based on Kiosk settings, and toolbar editing can be restricted. See KActionCollection, KHelpMenu and KToolBar documentation for more information.
Plasma-framework	3	plasma-framework.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Foundational libraries, runtime components and tools of the KDE Plasma workspaces based upon KF5 and Qt5. The plasma framework provides the following: QML components org.kde.plasma.core: bindings for libplasma functionality, such as DataEngine and FrameSvg org.kde.plasma.components: graphical components for common items such as buttons, lineedits, tabbars and so on. Compatible subset of the MeeGo components used on the N9 org.kde.plasma.extras: Extra graphical components that extend org.kde.plasma.components but are not in the standard API org.kde.plasma.plasmoid: Attached properties for manipulating the current applet or containment libplasma: a C++ library that provides: rendering of SVG themes loading of files from a certain filesystem structure: packages data access through data engines loading of the plugin structure of the workspace: containments and applets Script engines: Provides support to create applets or containments in various scripting languages
Prison	1	prison.git Archived 2017-03-05 at the Wayback Machine	Prison is a Qt-based barcode abstraction layer/library and provides uniform access to generation of barcodes with data.
Solid	1	solid.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Solid provides a way of querying and interacting with hardware independently of the underlying operating system. It provides the following features for application developers: Hardware Discovery Power Management Network Management Screen Management makes use of KScreen a new KDE Plasma 5 component
Sonnet	1	sonnet.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	Sonnet is a plugin-based spell checking library for Qt-based applications. It supports several different plugins, including HSpell, Enchant, ASpell and HUNSPELL. It also supports automated language detection, based on a combination of different algorithms. The simplest way to use Sonnet in your application is to use the SpellCheckDecorator class on your QTextEdit.
Syndication	2	syndication.git Archived 2019-01-30 at the Wayback Machine	Syndication is an RSS/Atom parser library.
ThreadWeaver	1	threadweaver.git Archived 2017-12-28 at the Wayback Machine	ThreadWeaver is a Job queue. It executes jobs in threads it internally manages.

किरिगामी

किरिगामी मार्को मार्टिन ^[17] द्वारा विकसित एक क्यूएमएल एप्लिकेशन फ्रेमवर्क^[18] है जो डेवलपर्स को ऐसे एप्लिकेशन लिखने में सक्षम बनाता है जो बिना कोड समायोजन के एंड्रॉइड, आईओएस, विंडोज, प्लाज्मा मोबाइल और किसी भी क्लासिक लिनक्स डेस्कटॉप वातावरण पर मूल रूप से संचालित हैं।

इसका उपयोग विभिन्न अनुप्रयोगों द्वारा किया जाता है, उदाहरण के लिए, लिनस टोरवाल्ड्स और डर्क होहेंडेल्स का स्कूबा डाइविंग एप्लिकेशन सबसरफेस, मैसेंजर क्लाइंट बंजी,^[19] केडेन मैसेंजर,^[20] वीवेव म्यूजिक प्लेयर और केडीई सॉफ्टवेयर सेंटर डिस्कवर आदि।

सॉफ्टवेयर पैकेज

लिनक्स वितरण उनके द्वारा वितरित सॉफ्टवेयर को पैकेज करने के लिए कुछ पैकेज प्रबंधन प्रणाली का उपयोग करता है. उदाहरण के लिए डेबियन पैकेज नाम libkf5globalaccel के तहत KGlobalAccel वितरित करता है^[21], जबकि फेडोरा लिनक्स इसे kf5-kglobalaccel नाम से वितरित करता है।^[22]

बाइंडिंग

मुख्य रूप से C++ में लिखे जाने के समय, अन्य प्रोग्रामिंग भाषाओं के लिए कई बाइंडिंग उपलब्ध हैं: ^[23]^[24]

पायथन
रूबी (कोरन्डम, क्यूटी रूबी के शीर्ष पर आधारित है)
पर्ल
C# (हालांकि, C# और अन्य के लिए बाध्यकारी के लिए वर्तमान रूपरेखा .NET भाषाओं को हटा दिया गया है, और प्रतिस्थापन केवल विंडोज) पर संकलित करता है।^[25]

ये और अन्य बाइंडिंग निम्नलिखित प्रौद्योगिकियों का उपयोग करते हैं:

स्मोक: रूबी, C# और पीएचपी के लिए बाइंडिंग बनाने के लिए है।
एसआईपी: पायथन के लिए बाइंडिंग निर्माण के लिए है।
क्रॉस: रूबी, पायथन, जावास्क्रिप्ट, क्यूटीस्क्रिप्ट, फाल्कन और जावा के समर्थन के साथ C++ अनुप्रयोगों के लिए एंबेडेड स्क्रिप्टिंग है।

कई बाइंडिंग क्यूटी 5 और केएफ 5 या केवल बाद में विज्ञप्ति चक्र में अद्यतन नहीं किए गए थे।

इतिहास

5.0 रिलीज एक प्रौद्योगिकी पूर्वावलोकन, दो अल्फा विज्ञप्ति और तीन बीटा विज्ञप्ति से संबंधित थी।^[26]^[27]^[28]

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क का स्रोत कोड केडीलिब 1 के बाद से है। केडीई फ्रेमवर्क के रूप में पहली विज्ञप्ति संस्करण 5 के साथ थी, इस तथ्य के लिए कि कोड आधार केडीई प्लेटफॉर्म संस्करण 4 (केडीई प्लेटफॉर्म का एकमात्र प्रमुख संस्करण) था।

केडीई प्लेटफॉर्म से केडीई फ्रेमवर्क में संक्रमण अगस्त 2013 में प्रारम्भ हुआ, जो शीर्ष केडीई तकनीकी योगदानकर्ताओं द्वारा निर्देशित था।^[7]

केडीई फ्रेमवर्क 5.0 की प्रारंभिक प्रविष्टि के बाद, डेवलपर्स ने केडीई फ्रेमवर्क 5,^[29] में घटकों में नई सुविधाओं को जोड़ने पर ध्यान केंद्रित किया, उदाहरण केडीई में फ़ायरफ़ॉक्स का प्रभावी एकीकरण है।^[30]

फ्रेमवर्क 5 का प्रमुख संशोधन इसका प्रतिरूपीकरण है. पहले केडीई संस्करणों में, लाइब्रेरियों को एक बड़े पैकेज के रूप में विभाजित किया गया था. फ्रेमवर्क में, लाइब्रेरियों को व्यक्तिगत रूप से छोटे पैकेजों में विभाजित किया गया था। यह अन्य क्यूटी-आधारित सॉफ़्टवेयर द्वारा लाइब्रेरियों के उपयोग की सुविधा प्रदान करता है, क्योंकि निर्भरता को न्यूनतम पर रखा जा सकता है।^[7]

जबकि केडीई 4 क्यूटी विजेट टूलकिट के संस्करण 4 पर आधारित था, फ्रेमवर्क 5 संस्करण 5 पर केंद्रित है।

केडीई4 रूपांतरण

केडीई एससी 4 के माध्यम से, तत्कालीन तथाकथित केडीई प्लेटफार्म में केडीई प्लाज्मा और अनुप्रयोगों के लिए आवश्यक सभी लाइब्रेरी और सेवाएं समाहित थीं. क्यूटी 5 से प्रारंभ होकर, यह प्लेटफ़ॉर्म मॉड्यूल के समूह में बदल गया था जिसे अब केडीई फ्रेमवर्क के समान कहा जाता है. इन मॉड्यूल में निम्नलिखित सम्मिलित हैं: ठोस, नेपोमुक, फोनन, आदि और एलजीपीएल, बीएसडी लाइसेंस, एमआईटी लाइसेंस या एक्स 11 लाइसेंस के अंतर्गत लाइसेंस प्राप्त हैं।^[31]

अंगीकरण

केडीई सॉफ्टवेयर संकलन के अतिरिक्त, डेस्कटॉप एनवायरनमेंट एलएक्सक्यूटी, मूनलाइट या हवाई जैसे अन्य ग्रहणीय हैं।

क्रिटा का संस्करण 3.0, कैलीग्रा सूट का रैस्टर ग्राफिक्स एडिटर, जो 31 मई 2016 को जारी किया गया था, केडीई फ्रेमवर्क 5 और क्यूटी 5.2 पर निर्भर करता है।

किरिगामी के साथ, अमारोक, एवोगाद्रो, ट्रोजिटा या उपसतह जैसे अनुप्रयोगों द्वारा भी उपयोग में वृद्धि हुई है।

संदर्भ

↑ "Release of KDE Frameworks 5.24.0". 9 July 2016. Archived from the original on 11 July 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2016.
↑ "Android - KDE Community Wiki". Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-07-11.
↑ "KDE API Homepage"". Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-07-11.
↑ "First release of KDE Frameworks 5". 2014-07-07. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2014-07-08.
↑ "केडीई फ्रेमवर्क". API Documentation. Archived from the original on 2019-12-07. Retrieved 2020-03-17.
↑ "केडीई फ्रेमवर्क". Tech Base. Archived from the original on 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2020-03-17.
↑ ^7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Howard Chan (2013-09-04). "केडीई रिलीज़ संरचना विकसित होती है". KDE. Archived from the original on 2020-11-12. Retrieved 2014-02-27.
↑ "Release schedule for KDE Frameworks 5". Archived from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2016-05-18.
↑ "फ्रेमवर्क के लिए गिट वर्कफ़्लो". Archived from the original on 2020-10-20. Retrieved 2014-08-19.
↑ "KDE Frameworks5 API documentation". Archived from the original on 2014-08-22.
↑ "Coinstallability with KDE Platform 4". Archived from the original on 2020-12-01. Retrieved 2014-08-19.
↑ "metainfo.yaml of KConfig".^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ Jos Poortvliet (2013-12-17). "Qt 5.2 - Foundation for KDE Frameworks 5". Dot.kde.org. Archived from the original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2014-03-10.
↑ Howard Chan (2013-09-25). "Frameworks 5". Dot.kde.org. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2014-03-10.
↑ "एपीआई दस्तावेज". api.kde.org. Archived from the original on 2021-10-02. Retrieved 2021-10-02.
↑ "KWindowSystem in Frameworks 5". 6 February 2014. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.
↑ "जहां किरिगामी". KDE. Archived from the original on July 29, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
↑ "Contributors to KDE/Kirigami". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2019-04-30. Retrieved 2021-08-08.
↑ Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Banji (Ring-KDE) new skin on desktop Linux and Android". YouTube.
↑ "केडन - हर डिवाइस के लिए एक उपयोगकर्ता के अनुकूल XMPP क्लाइंट!". GitHub. 4 July 2021. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2021.
↑ "डेबियन में केजी ग्लोबल एक्सेल". Archived from the original on 2016-09-20. Retrieved 2016-09-11.
↑ "KGlobalAccel in Fedora".^{[permanent dead link]}
↑ "केडीई विकास मंच". Archived from the original on 2018-10-03. Retrieved 2010-11-26.
↑ Development/Languages - KDE TechBase Archived 2021-02-03 at the Wayback Machine. Techbase.kde.org (2012-07-12). Retrieved on 2013-07-17.
↑ "क्योटो". Archived from the original on 2020-11-27. Retrieved 2015-01-18.
↑ "Frameworks 5 Technology Preview". KDE. 2014-01-07. Archived from the original on 2014-02-26. Retrieved 2014-02-27.
↑ "KDE Ships First Alpha of Frameworks 5". KDE. 2014-02-14. Archived from the original on 2014-03-01. Retrieved 2014-02-27.
↑ "KDE Ships Second Alpha of Frameworks 5". KDE. 2014-03-03. Archived from the original on 2014-03-09. Retrieved 2014-03-04.
↑ "KF5 Update Meeting Minutes 2014-w28". 2014-07-08. Archived from the original on 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2014-07-10.
↑ "Firefox + KDE integration: Getting FF to use Dolphin reliably". 2014-07-03. Archived from the original on 2018-05-15. Retrieved 2014-07-10.
↑ "केडीई लाइसेंसिंग नीति". Archived from the original on 2010-12-16. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

बाहरी संबंध

[1] "Release of KDE Frameworks 5.24.0". 9 July 2016. Archived from the original on 11 July 2016. Retrieved 10 July 2016.

[2] "Android - KDE Community Wiki". Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-07-11.

[3] "KDE API Homepage"". Archived from the original on 2016-08-26. Retrieved 2016-07-11.

[release_5.0-4] "First release of KDE Frameworks 5". 2014-07-07. Archived from the original on 2015-09-05. Retrieved 2014-07-08.

[5] "केडीई फ्रेमवर्क". API Documentation. Archived from the original on 2019-12-07. Retrieved 2020-03-17.

[6] "केडीई फ्रेमवर्क". Tech Base. Archived from the original on 2020-08-13. Retrieved 2020-03-17.

[rel.struct-7] 7.0 ^7.1 ^7.2 Howard Chan (2013-09-04). "केडीई रिलीज़ संरचना विकसित होती है". KDE. Archived from the original on 2020-11-12. Retrieved 2014-02-27.

[schedule-8] "Release schedule for KDE Frameworks 5". Archived from the original on 2016-06-24. Retrieved 2016-05-18.

[9] "फ्रेमवर्क के लिए गिट वर्कफ़्लो". Archived from the original on 2020-10-20. Retrieved 2014-08-19.

[10] "KDE Frameworks5 API documentation". Archived from the original on 2014-08-22.

[11] "Coinstallability with KDE Platform 4". Archived from the original on 2020-12-01. Retrieved 2014-08-19.

[12] "metainfo.yaml of KConfig".^{[permanent dead link]}

[13] Jos Poortvliet (2013-12-17). "Qt 5.2 - Foundation for KDE Frameworks 5". Dot.kde.org. Archived from the original on 2020-11-11. Retrieved 2014-03-10.

[14] Howard Chan (2013-09-25). "Frameworks 5". Dot.kde.org. Archived from the original on 2020-11-26. Retrieved 2014-03-10.

[15] "एपीआई दस्तावेज". api.kde.org. Archived from the original on 2021-10-02. Retrieved 2021-10-02.

[16] "KWindowSystem in Frameworks 5". 6 February 2014. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Retrieved 25 July 2014.

[जहां_किरिगामी-17] "जहां किरिगामी". KDE. Archived from the original on July 29, 2019. Retrieved November 25, 2018.

[18] "Contributors to KDE/Kirigami". GitHub. Archived from the original on 2019-04-30. Retrieved 2021-08-08.

[19] Archived at Ghostarchive and the Wayback Machine: "Banji (Ring-KDE) new skin on desktop Linux and Android". YouTube.

[20] "केडन - हर डिवाइस के लिए एक उपयोगकर्ता के अनुकूल XMPP क्लाइंट!". GitHub. 4 July 2021. Archived from the original on 26 April 2019. Retrieved 8 August 2021.

[21] "डेबियन में केजी ग्लोबल एक्सेल". Archived from the original on 2016-09-20. Retrieved 2016-09-11.

[22] "KGlobalAccel in Fedora".^{[permanent dead link]}

[23] "केडीई विकास मंच". Archived from the original on 2018-10-03. Retrieved 2010-11-26.

[24] Development/Languages - KDE TechBase Archived 2021-02-03 at the Wayback Machine. Techbase.kde.org (2012-07-12). Retrieved on 2013-07-17.

[25] "क्योटो". Archived from the original on 2020-11-27. Retrieved 2015-01-18.

[26] "Frameworks 5 Technology Preview". KDE. 2014-01-07. Archived from the original on 2014-02-26. Retrieved 2014-02-27.

[27] "KDE Ships First Alpha of Frameworks 5". KDE. 2014-02-14. Archived from the original on 2014-03-01. Retrieved 2014-02-27.

[alpha2rel-28] "KDE Ships Second Alpha of Frameworks 5". KDE. 2014-03-03. Archived from the original on 2014-03-09. Retrieved 2014-03-04.

[29] "KF5 Update Meeting Minutes 2014-w28". 2014-07-08. Archived from the original on 2016-03-07. Retrieved 2014-07-10.

[30] "Firefox + KDE integration: Getting FF to use Dolphin reliably". 2014-07-03. Archived from the original on 2018-05-15. Retrieved 2014-07-10.

[31] "केडीई लाइसेंसिंग नीति". Archived from the original on 2010-12-16. Retrieved 2010-11-06.

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समर्थित ऑपरेटिंग सिस्टम

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बाइंडिंग

इतिहास

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