English: The photoelectron emitter (E) and collector (C) electrodes are placed in an evacuated quartz tube. When ultraviolet light hits the surface of the emitter, the ejected electrons are prevented from reaching the collector by a sufficiently high negative voltage, or helped to reach the collector by a positive voltage. The photoelectron current saturates when all emitted electrons (whose number depends on light intensity) are captured by the collector.
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Photoelectric effect measurement apparatus. The emitter and collector electrodes are inside an evacuated quartz tube so that ultraviolet light can pass through.