View source for Template:Components of Cement, Comparison of Chemical and Physical Characteristics

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|+ Components of cement: <br/>comparison of chemical and physical characteristics{{efn|Values shown are approximate: those of a specific material may vary.}}<ref name="SFA2005">{{cite web |url= http://www.silicafume.org/pdf/silicafume-users-manual.pdf |title=Silica Fume User’s Manual |first=Terence C. |last=Holland |publisher=Silica Fume Association and United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Technical Report FHWA-IF-05-016 |year=2005|access-date=October 31, 2014}}</ref><ref name="KKP2002">{{cite book  |title=Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures |author= Kosmatka, S. |author2=Kerkhoff, B. |author3= Panerese, W. |edition=14 |publisher=Portland Cement Association, Skokie, Illinois |year=2002 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book|author-last=Gamble|author-first=William|chapter=Cement, Mortar, and Concrete|editor1-last=Baumeister|editor2-last=Avallone|editor3-last=Baumeister|title=Mark's Handbook for Mechanical Engineers|publisher=McGraw Hill|at=Section 6, page 177|edition=Eighth}}</ref>
|-
! colspan="2" scope="col" | Property
! scope="col" | Portland <br/>cement
! scope="col" | Siliceous{{efn|ASTM C618 Class F}} <br/>fly ash
! scope="col" | Calcareous{{efn|ASTM C618 Class C}} <br/>fly ash
! scope="col" | Slag <br/>cement
! scope="col" | Silica <br />fume
|- style="text-align:right;"
! scope="row" rowspan="6" {{Vert header|va=middle|Proportion by mass (%)}}
! scope="row" | SiO<sub>2</sub>
| 21.9
| 52
| 35
| 35
| 85–97
|-
! scope="row" | Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
| 6.9
| 23
| 18
| 12
| —
|-
! scope="row" | Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>
| 3
| 11
| 6
| 1
| —
|-
! scope="row" | CaO
| 63
| 5
| 21
| 40
| < 1
|-
! scope="row" | MgO
| 2.5
| —
| —
| —
| —
|-
! scope="row" | SO<sub>3</sub>
| 1.7
| —
| —
| —
| —
|-
! scope="row" colspan="2" | Specific surface (m<sup>2</sup>/kg){{efn|Specific surface measurements for silica fume by nitrogen adsorption (BET) method, others by [[air permeability]] method (Blaine).}}
| 370
| 420
| 420
| 400
| 15,000 <br/>– 30,000
|-
! scope="row" colspan="2" | Specific gravity
| 3.15
| 2.38
| 2.65
| 2.94
| 2.22
|- style="text-align:center;"
! scope="row" colspan="2" | General purpose
| Primary binder
| Cement replacement
| Cement replacement
| Cement replacement
| Property enhancer
|- style="text-align:left;"
| colspan="7" | {{notelist}}
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{{reflist}}
<noinclude>{{documentation}}</noinclude>